Permutation-lock.



T. CARROLL.

PERMUTATION LOCK.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV.3,1913.

1,113,193, Patented 0015.13, 1914.

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T. CARROLL.

PEHMUTATION LOCK.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. a, 1913.

1,1 1 3, 1 93. Patented Oct; 13, 1914.

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PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS CARROLL, or DAYTON, 0310.

PERMUTATION-LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914..

Application filed November 3, 1913. Serial No. 798,844.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS CARROLL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Permutation-Locks; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in permutation locks, and comprises certain improvements of the lock mechanism shown and described in In pending application, Serial No. 735,205,

filed December 6, 1912.

The object of the invention is to simplify the mounting of the permutation devices to the end that they may be withdrawn from the casing without having first to disassemble any of the parts. In other words, to provide for the removal of the permutation devices and spindle in a body and their re placement when it is desired to alter or change the combination.

he means enabling the accomplishment of these and other incidental advantages will be described hereinafter in connection with the accompanying drawings, reference being first made to said drawings in general terms as follows.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the lock; Fig. 2 is a section on the line a.a of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a section on the line bb of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a view of the knob and tumblers removed in a body from the housing; Fig. 5 is a section similar to Fig.2 with a different key inserted from that shown in Fig. 2 and which is instrumental in enabling the tumblers to be removed in a body with the spindle; Fig. 6 is a section on the line c of Fig. 5; Fig.7 is a detail view of the base ring of one of the tumblers; Fig. 8 is a detail view of one of the combination selecting rings of oneflcf the tumblersyFig; 9 is a section on the line dew? of Fig. 5 with the spindle removed; Fig. 10 is the means for locking the permutation devices or assembled tumblers in position 11 's a detail a detail view of showing the relation between the key-actuated pins of the lock and the tumblers of the permutation mechanism; and Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the member which looks the permutation devices in position in the housing. 1 Throughout the specification and drawings, simllar reference characters indicate corresponding parts. Referring more particularly to said drawings, 1 represents a face plate to the rear side of which is attached a housing 2 which incloses the permutation devices, and a housing 3 which incloses the pin lock devices. Rotatably mounted within the housing 3 and face plate 1 is a key cylinder 4. provided with a seat for keys 5 and 6. The end of the cylinder 4 opposite the face plate 1 has connected to it a member 9 from which movement is imparted to the door bolt (not shown). Key 5 is adapted for the ordinary operations of the lock while key 6 is a special key for releasing the tumblers to permit of their removal to change the combination when desired. The said key 5 is provided with cams or notches 7 which engage pins 8 slidably mounted in suitable pockets in the cylinder 4. lVhen, for example, key 5 is inserted in I said cylinder and the combination is set, the upper ends of the pins 8 lie flush with the periphery of the cylinder 4 thus permitting the cylinder 4 to be rotated by the key to unlock the lock in the usual manner. The key 6 is also provided with the notches and recesses 7, but they are not intended to perform the function of separating the pins to unlock the lock. The special function of key 6 will be dealt with in connection with the permutation features of the lock. Normally, all pins 8 lie wholly within the circumference of the cylinder, and the pockets in said cylinder receive the lower ends of i the upper series of pins 10 which are mount- I ed in suitable pockets in the housing 3 in I direct alinement with the pins 8 when said pins are in a vertical position. In this condition the cylinder 4 cannot be turned. The I pins 10 are provided with collars 11 which are engaged by springs 12 surrounding said pins and which exerta downward pressure upon both sets of pins 8 and 10. It will be noted before suitable key, for ex- I ampie, key 5, can be inserted in the cylinder l revision must be made for allowin the 110 7 m before a key can pins 8 and 10 to move outwardly from their lowermost position; if said pins cannot so move, it will be impossible to insert said key. Control of the pins 8 and 10 is accomplished by permutation devices which must be set manipulated. The upper ends of the pins 10 engage the peripheries of a series of turnblers or permutation devices. Each of said tumblers consists of two portions, a base ring 13 and a setting ring 14, the latter having a peripheral recess 15 therein.

When the recesses 15 are brought into alinement'with the pins 10, the said pins may be moved out by the key, and the cylinder 4 thus be permitted to rotate. The said tumblers, so consisting of the base ring or portion 13 and the setting ring or portion 14, are mounted on a non-rotatable spindle 16. The or varied to provide a series of annular shoulders 25 which are engaged by one side of each tumbler and thus each tumbler is prevented from making contact at any time with its neighbor on that side. The inner end of the spindle 16 is provided with a head which is approximately square in cross-section and fits in a similar opening in a cap consisting of inner and outer plates 27 and 34, respectively, constituting a cap for the housing 2. The said spindle is, therefore, stationary while the manner of connecting the knob 17 therewith permits said knob to be rotated. For example, the said spindle has a pocket which receives a spring- .controlled pin 28 the outer end of which lies in an annular recess 29 in the hub 20 of the knob 17,. The housing 2 is likewise stepped or provided with a bore of different diameters which receive the peripheries of the tumblers and. provide annular shoulders 26 which are engaged by said tumblers on the other side andvprevent each tumbler from making contact with its neighbor on that side. There-is provided, therefore, means for preventing onetumbler fromfrictionally interfering withthe movement of theother or one from prematurely moving the other, and the arrangement is such that the as sembled tumblers and spindle may be removed in a body. The knob 17 is provided with a dial or calibrated surface 18 which cooperates with an index 19 on the face plate 1. The said knob 17 is further provided with the hub 20, hereinbefore referredto, havingbearing in the housing 2, and is permanently connected to the ring or base portion 13 of the first or outermost tumbler by means of a p outermost tumbler, therefore, with the knob 17' and the dial 18. The second adjacent tumbler is actuated from said first tumbler said'second tumbler, which rides in an annular groove '23 in said first tumbler and is enbe inserted and the lock diameter of this spindle is stepped.

in=21. The said first or. always rotates by means of a pin 22 on' gaged by a pin 24 on said first tumbler 1ying in the respective groove thereof. See Fig. 7. When the knob 17 is rotated, the pin 24 will atsome point of its revolution engage the pin 22 and pick up the second tumbler, thereby rotating the said second tumbler in unison with the first. The second and third tumblers are also provided with similar grooves 23 and pins 24 while the fourth or imiermost tumbler is provided with a pin 22 only, which works in connection with the pin 24 of the third tumbler.

By this means each tumbler is picked up by rotating the knob 17.

In setting the" combination, the knob17 is rotated clockwise several times to collect all of the tumblers and to a position where the dial 18 and index 19 indicate the first number of the combination. This operation sets the fourth tumbler in a position with its respective recess 15 directly above theend. of its respective pinflO. The knob 17 is then rotated in the reverse direction until the zero mark on the dial 18 passes the index mark 19 twice, which operation collects the first, second and, third tumblers. The knob 17 is again rotated until the second. combination number on the dial 18 is opposite'the index 19. This sets the second tumbler with its respec'tiverecess 15 above its respective pin 10. The knob 17 is again rotated clockwise until the zero mark on the dial 18 passes the index 19 once, which\operation collects the first and second tumblers. The knob 17 is again rotated until the third combination number appears on the dial 18 opposite the index 19, which operation sets the third tumbler. The knob 17 is again rotated in the reverse direction until the fourth combination number appears on the dial. 18 opposite the index 19, which operation sets the fourthfiumbler. When the combination is thus set, the recesses 15 of all the tumblers will be in alinement with their respective pins 10 and the key 5 may be-sinserted within the cylinder 4. The fourth tumbler is maintained against its respective shoulder 25 on the spindle 16 by means of anrinner plate27 of the cap which incloses the end of the housing 2. i

The permutation lock, consisting of. the tumblers, spindle and knob, may be removed from the housing 2 in a body to permit new combination numbers to be selected. 7 This is possible 'without disassembling any of the tumbler. The setting rings 14 are held in their set position by means of pins 31 on the setting rings 14 which enter recesses 32 in the base rings 13, there being as many recesses 32 as, there are calibrations on the dial 18. See Figs..7 and 8. The peripheries of the base rings 13 are provided with calibrations which agree with the calibrations on the dial which coiiperate with the index 33 on the peripheries of the setting rings 14 and through the agency of which the relative position between the recesses 15 and the pins 24 are selected. Each setting ring 14 of the tumblers is set individually, there being enough free space between the last tumbler and the head of the spindle 16 to permit one pin 31 to be removed from its respective recess 32. The permutation devices are held in their positionswithin the housing 2 by a locking member 35 which is vertically and horizontally movable in a pocket between the cap plates 27 and 34. The locking member 35 is provided with an opening 36 the upper inner edge of which is adapted to lie in one side of a continue-us groove 37 in the head 30. Said locking member 35 is partially controlled by a spring 38 and by a guide pin. 39 which is secured to plate 34 and enters an L-shaped slot 42 member 35, see Fig. 10. The lower end of the locking member 35 is provided with a projection 40 which slides in a pocket 41 in the plate 34 (see Fig. 9) and which acts as a guide for the lower end of said locking member 35.. en the permutation devices are inserted within the housing, the locking member 35 is given a horizontal movement by means of cam surfaces 43 on the head 30 and is then given a vertical movement by cam surfaces '44 on said head to bring the opening 36 in alinement with the openings in the plates 27 and 34, thereby permitting the head 30 to enter said openings. .When the permutation devices are in proper position, the upper inner edge of the opening 36 of the locking member 35 will enter the continuous groove 37 and will lie in said groove along the upper side of the head.

To actuate the locking member 35 in removing the permutation devices from the spindle groove 37 to permit said devices to be removed, a special key 6, hereinbefore referred to andshown in Fig. 5, is provided. The cam surface 7, near the end of said key, is of a height sufficient to elevate its respective pins 8 and 10 a distance sufficient for the head of the'respective pin 10 to enter the recess 15 of its respective setting ring 14, While the remaining cam surfaces 7 vare of a height which do not elevate their respective pins into their respective recesses 15. The upper end .of the pin 10, farthest removed from the head of the key, is ada ted the projection 45 extending cm to engage upper end of the locking in the locking the locking member 35. The last named pin 10 is elevated a suflicient height to elevate the locking member 35 a suflicient distance to release the head 30, thereby allowing the permutation devices to be removed from the housing. After the permutation devices are removed from the housing, the plate 35 is moved laterally by the spring 38,-the spring being mounted at an angle. When the plate 35 is thus moved laterally, the pin 39 will be received by the lateral portion or shoulder of the L-shaped slot 42, thereby locking said plate 35 against vertical movement and preventing said plate 35 and the pin 10 moving upwardly, the said pin being in engagement with the projection 45. The special key 6 will be therefore locked within the cylinder 4 when the permutation devices are removed from the housing as the extreme end of the key 6 must elevate the pin 10 before the key 6 can be extracted as will be seen from Fig. 5. lVhen the permutation devices are reinserted in the housing, the head 30 Will move the locking plate laterally and will release the pin 39 from the lateral portion of the slot 42, thereby permitting the pin 10 to be subsequently elevated by the key 6 when said key is extracted. The plate 35 is prevented from moving laterally, when the permutation devices are in the housing, by a projection 35 on one side of the locking plate and which prevents the side of the looking plate enteringthe recess 37 in the side of the head 30.

In the foregoing specification, I havetle scribed a pin lock which is controlled by a permutation mechanism. Additional means however, are provided whereby the permutationdevices may be eliminated and the pin lock be enabled to operate alone as an ordinary Yale lock. This means consists of an additional set of spring controlled pins 46 which correspond to the pins 10 but which are not controlled by the permutation devices. These pins 46 are arranged in pockets below the pins 8. After the key 5 is inserted .Within the cylinder 4 and the cylinder 4 is given a. half revolution, the pins 8 will coiiperate with the pins 46 in looking and unlocking the cylinder when the key is inserted. When the key and cylinder are reversed from the positionshown in Fig. 2,

the key may belnserted and Withdrawn any number of times without interferencefrom the permutation devices.

While I have with-some minutencssdescribed the various elements, and their struc' tural characteristics, I desire to be not limit.- ed to unessential details or structural characteristics some of which may be varied more or less without departing from the underlying principles of my improvement.

or example, it is essential for the purposes, of my invention that the tumblers shall have by said at all times a perfect, definite movement from the knob. In other words, that there shall be no frictional contact between the tumblers themselves which may inte'refere with the proper operation of the tumblers in setting the combination. This result is ac complished' to a very desirable extent through the means herein shown and described which may possibly be subject to some variation without departing from the vital principles involved.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In a lock of, the type specified, the combination with a housing having a series of internal steps of different diameters, of a spindle the periphery of which is provided with a 'seriesof peripheral steps of difierent diameters lying opposite those in the casing,

a series of permutation devices mounted on said spindle and confined between the oppo-,

sitely disposed steps on the casing and spindle, and means for maintaining said permutation devices on said spindle, the said spin-- dle and permutation devices being removable from the housing in a body.

2. In a lock of the type specified, the combination with a housing having a series of internal shoulders of graduated diameters,

of a spindle having a series of shoulders of correspondingly gra uated diameters, a series of permutation devices mounted on said spindle and each of which is confined between a shoulder on the spindle and one on the housing, means on the spindle for maintaining said devices thereon, wherepermutation devices and spindle may be removed from the housing in a body, a combination setting knob connected to said spindle and rotatable independently thereo t, and means whereby said permutation devices may be actuated successively by the movements of said setting knob.

3. In a lock of the type specified, the combination with a housing the bore-of which is provided with a series of annular steps of varying diameters, of a spindle the periphery of which isprovided with acorresponding series of graduated steps, means for maintaining said spindle stationary within the housing, a series of permutation devices mounted upon said spindle and maintained from frictional contact with each other by the graduated or stepped surfaces of the housing and spindle, means on said spindle for maintaining said devices thereon and permitting them to be removed from the housing in a body, a combination setting knob and a connection between said knob and the spindle whereby the knob may be rotated independently of the spindle.

4. In a lockof thetype specified, a housing having an opening provided with aseries of steps of varying provided with I diameters each a series of steps of varying of which lies.oppos1te a co- (peripheral.

for connecting plate 1 adapted diameters, a spindle operating step of the housing, a series of permutation devices each of which is confined by a step on the spindle and a step on the housing, and means on the spindle adapted to maintain said permutation devices thereon, whereby thespindle and rings may be removed from the housing in a body.

. 5. In a lock of the type specified, the combination with a housing, of a spindle mounted therein, a series of permutation devices mounted on said spindle and maintained from frictional contact with each other by means on the housing and spindle, means on the spindle and housing respectively for locking said spindle and devices in position therein, said means being adapted to permit the spindle and devices to be removed from the housing in a body, a knob attached to said spindle and rotatable independently thereof, and means whereby said permutation devices maybe actuated successively by the movement of said knob.

(-3. In a lock of the type specified, a housing, a permutation lock comprising a spindle and a series of permutation devices mounted therein, means on said spindle for maintaining the permutation devices thereon and whereby the spindle and permutation devices may be removed from the housing in a combination settingknob, means said knob with the spindle whereby the knob may be rotated independently of said spindle, means whereby said knob is adapted to impart successive movements to said permutation devices, a locking member "for maintaining said spindle and permutation devices in the housing, means on the spindle for actuating said locking member to permit of the removal of the spindle and permutation devices in'a body.

7. In a lock, the combination with a housa body,

ing, of a spindle, a series of permutation devices mounted on said spindle, said spindle having cams and a locking groove thereon, and a locking member cooperating with said cams and groove'to maintain said spindle in position in the housing.

8; In a lock, the combination with a housing, of a spindle, a series of permutation devices mounted on said spindle, a locking to maintain said spindle in position in the housing, a key-actuated pin adapted to move said locking plate to a position to permit of the withdrawal of the spindle and permutation devices in a body.

9. In a lock, the combination with a housing, of a spindle, a series of permutation devices mounted on said spindle, said spindle being provided with a groove and cams, *a locking plate coiiperat-ing with said groove and with said cams to permit of the insertion of the spindle and permutation devices in the housing and to maintain them therein when inserted, and a key-actuated pin adapted to move said plate to unlock the spindle and thereby permit said spindle final permutation devices to be removed in a 10. In a lock, the combination with a housing, of a series of permutation devices, a spindle upon which said devices are mounted having a recess, a locking plate cooperating with said recess to lock the spindle and permutation devices in the housing, a projection on said plate, a key-actuated pin engaging said projection, and cams on said spindle to engage said plate.

11. In a lock, a casing, permutation devices mounted in said casing, a locking member adapted to maintain said permutation devices in said casing, and a key adapted to actuate said member to relese'said permutation devices, said member being adapted to locksaid key within the casing when said permutation devices are removed.

12. In a lock, a casing, permutation devices mounted in said casing, a plate adapted to maintain said permutation devices in said casing, a key adapted to actuate said plate to release said permutation devices, and means cooperating with said plate whereby said plate is adapted to lock said key within the casing when said permutation devices are removed.

13. In a lock, a casing,

vices mounted in sai permutation de casing, a plate adapted to maintain said permutation devices in said casing, a key adapted to actuate said plate to release said permutation devices, and a pin cooperating with said plate and adapted to lock said key in said casing when said permutation devices are removed.

14. In a look, a casing, permutation devices mounted in said casing, a plate provided with a slot adapted to maintain said permutation devices in said casing, a key adapted to actuate said plate to release said permutation devices, and pin cooperating with said slot and adapted to lock said key in said casing when said permutation devices are removed.

15. In a lock, a casing, permutation devices mounted in said casing, a plate provided with a slot adapted to maintain said permutation devices in saidcasing, a key adapted to actuate said plate to release said permutation devices, a spring adapted to move said plate laterally, and a pin cooperating with said slot and adapted to lock said key in said casing when said permutation devices are removed.v

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses. V

THOMAS CARROLL.

Witnesses:

WiLLmM M. CARROLL, MATTHEW SIEBLER. 

